the-red-flags-of-quackery-v2

A long while ago, I drafted what was then an unparalleled visual guide to snake oil and quackery. So the Red Flags of Quackery was born. It was deemed worthy by the intertubes, and saw it’s way around the net. In the accompanying article, I stated that I would continue to build upon the guide, strengthening the criteria and adding more red flags. Today I make good with my promise.

What’s new? Aside from some clearer language on panels such as “Quantum” and “Toxins,” you may notice there are a slew of new panels up. I’ll try to roll through them quickly, linking to appropriate examples:

Testimonials: Quack remedies are usually covered with positive anecdotes from your grandmother or best friend, but it’s important to remember that this is all anecdotal evidence. It means absolutely nothing.

“Helps Your Body…”: I once met an Osteopath at a small gathering. I nearly bit my tongue off as she told me about how she “helps the body heal itself.” Which is a clever way of saying “I don’t do anything, but feel free to thank me when you get better. Toodles!” Also note that if your body was really “off balance” or needed help “removing toxins.” You’d be at a real doctor, not buying herbs at CVS, because your skin would be yellow and you wouldn’t be able to stand.

Celebrity Doctor: The appeal to authority. Once somebody has attained some celebrity status or a Nobel prize or two, they feel they can say anything, and people feel they must be right. This is wrong. I’m sure Dr. Oz is a great surgeon, but when he decides to start endorsing psychics and charlatans, you have to look past any accolades he had previously garnered.

“Arguments from authority carry little weight — “authorities” have made mistakes in the past. They will do so again in the future. Perhaps a better way to say it is that in science there are no authorities; at most, there are experts.” -Carl Sagan’s Demon Haunted World

“Buy My Book”: Pretty simple. A simple way to duck  medical research protocol is to publish a book. Why go through all that peer-review nonsense when you can reach your credulous audience directly? Be wary of anyone who claims to know something, but makes you buy their product to find out. Another red flag is that said doctor publishes in his or her own journal, or in crappy journals centered around their woo of choice.

Burzynski is a Fraud: Sorry, that was for SEO purposes. Stanislaw Burzynski is a biochemist and physician that runs a cancer treatment center out of Texas. He has come under fire recently when word began spreading that his “treatment” involves taking tons of cash from sick, desperate cancer patients with the promise to put them in his miracle cancer cure clinical trials. Woah. WOAH. Red flags should be going up all over the place. Selling spots in your clinical trial? That’s not how it works, buddy. That’s already an invalidated, contaminated, worthless experiment. But if that wasn’t bad enough, did I mention his “treatment” was declared ineffective as early as 1983, and oncologists have branded it “nonsense.” To top it all, after he rips the money out of their cold, dying hands, he doesn’t even publish his results.

His asshattery was brought to the limelight by skeptical dynamo Rhys Morgan and the Streisand Effect. Upon hearing about Morgan’s blog posts, Burzynski sent some douchebag after him, making threats of litigation and even sending him pictures of his house. Supporters of Morgan, including Simon Singh and his amazing legal team, pushed back and showed the world that Burzynski is nothing but a litigious bully and a fraud.

Not a Real Doctor: Pretty simple. Chiropractors like to call themselves “Dr.” I can do that too. My name is Dr. Maki Naro. I have a PHD in Fine Arts. Go ahead, look it up. I didn’t go to art school for four years just to be called “Maki.” The title gives them an air of legitimacy, but don’t let it fool you.

OH GAWD THE OSTEOPATHY– Given the apparent controversy around Osteopathy, I shot some emails around to some physicians I know about their experience with DO’s in and out of med school. Here’s a reply I got from one of them:

DO school is easier to get into than MD school. They have separate schools and separate residency programs. They are doctors, but Doctors of Osteopathy. They have the letters DO at the end of their name. No one I know, including myself, in administration would consider a DO over an MD (to hire, or to go to as a patient). They learn all this spinal manipulation stuff. I have met a couple DO’s doing some elective rotation at med school, but it was like seeing an Amish person in the supermarket. 

Since it’s easier to get in, easier to complete the school work, and they have their holistic/natural approach, some people are attracted to it, as you know. But the reality is they have to keep fighting to be  seen as equals in academic circles and associations.

So technically they aren’t as quackery as chiropractors, in the sense that they go to school for a couple more years. They can be smart people, but they believe in and do things that are soft sciency stuff. Not always woo, but with a heavy woo influence. 

Anecdotal yes, (and highly contested , even among med students) but I asked for an opinion and got one. But the commenter feedback I received previously gave me the impression that they were MD’s with a minor in osteopathy, or something.

I just have to ask, “Why?” Why spend all the time to be a doctor but have this little piece of quackery hanging off your shoe? Osteopathic practices fly all the red flags of holistic medicine and self healing, mind/body/spirit nonsense, and the thought that maybe, just maybe my general practitioner might actually believe this stuff, doesn’t sit well with me. Personally, I’d rather know they they’re spending their free time reading the JAMA and not an alt. med journal. Heck, I’ll take a doctor who plays Xbox on his free time rather than reading alt. med journals.

Here’s my take:  I put DO’s in the same place as Chiropractors. No Sympathy. Both cases are like going to wizardry school, and when a patient asks about the diploma on your wall, you say, “Oh. Yeah. Well, I don’t believe any of that stuff.”

If Chiros and DOs want to sever themselves from their professions woo origins, they should just ditch it all together—rather than trying to win everybody’s acceptance by saying “But we’re better now, guys!” As my friend Emma said, “If I was a Catholic and I stopped believing in god, I wouldn’t try to turn the Catholic Church into an atheist organisation. I’d leave it.”

Even if you’re a “good” chiro or osteopath, you’re always going to have some wackos who still do believe in subluxation, and as a result, the professions will always set themselves up for a “no true Scotsman” fallacy.

This article by David Gorski shed some light on the issue for me, especially in relation to what it takes to be called a “physician” these days. The Wikipedia page on the subject is also pretty interesting. I definitely recommend looking at the “talk” tab as the neutrality of the article is apparently under review. —and since we have an especially punchy crowd you, be aware that when I link wiki articles, I mean to scroll down to the bottom and read from the sources.

There’s a selection of folks reading this who have accused me of judging Chiros and DOs while ignoring medicine’s sordid past (I imagine they mean humors; bloodletting; drinking mercury; etc.). Hardly an apt comparison given that there isn’t a cadre of modern doctors out there who are still cupping and injecting mercury in via urethral syringe. Yes science has gotten it completely wrong, but the difference is that they’ve moved on in light of the evidence.

 

(Fucking) Magnets: This just needed to be here. Magnetic bracelets don’t do anything. If a refrigerator magnet could affect your health, what is the Earth’s magnetic field doing? This sort of belief ties in closely to belief in things like “living energy fields,” chi, reiki, and auras in the sense that the claimant states that you have some sort of energy that can be manipulated to your benefit. Pfft. Powerful, rapidly oscillating magnetic fields on the other hand…

Hostility to Criticism: This is a good one that applies to many of the panels above it. Nothing says, “sore loser” like trying to sue your critics when they call you out on your bullshit. Just a note if you plan to do this (sue, that is), the law isn’t really on your side anymore, and as we saw with Rhys Morgan, we’re not going to take any bullying from snake-oil charlatans.

“Western Medicine”: Part of a series of false dichotomies created by alternative medicine proponent. By differentiating between Western and Eastern medicine, it gives the false pretense that there is such a thing. This is false. As stated by the Minchin Declaration:

And try as hard as I like, a small crack appears in my diplomacy-dike. “By definition”, I begin. “Alternative Medicine”, I continue, “Has either not been proved to work, or been proved not to work. You know what they call “alternative medicine” that’s been proved to work? Medicine.” -Tim Minchin, Storm

As with v1.0, I’m keeping this open to suggestions. So far my goal is to get a 5×5 bingo board going. Though you can sort of play as it is (I suggest that, like pseudoscience, you make illogical leaps and questionable connections to create a match of four). Enjoy!

Update: Legendary alt. med critic Edzard Ernst had an article in the Guardian about Britain’s new “College of Medicine” and its bait-and-switch tactic of reeling people in with promises of “holistic, patient-based care” and “innovation” while basically just treating with homeopathy or other quack remedies. I bring this up because a commenter amusingly pointed us to the NCCAM website as a source, when it’s really just a lobby group for quacks, meant to give legitimacy to alternative medicine in the form of “regulation” (Implying that if a modality needs regulation, then clearly it means it is efficacious). It’s a quite common tactic alt. med. lobbyists use to get their foot in the door.

Alternate versions! They will include different language translations as well as a clean version (now default by massive demand). Cheers!

 

 

I have many of you to thank for suggestions, especially commenters on Pharyngula, Respectful Insolence, and Reddit.  I’ll begin adding names here as soon as I track you all down. Thank you for your support. We at Sci-ence.org salute you!